Abstract

The results of an experiment to determine the behaviour of acid and direct dyes with various auxiliaries are reported. They show that dyes are taken up in the first 5-10 min and this rate is not affected greatly by temperature, though differences in brilliance and fastness are better at higher temperatures. Auxiliaries which give a levelling action with an anionic, tanning or dispersing action often result in a severe loss of colour intensity. Nonionic and weakly cationic auxiliaries are considered and it is shown that the amount and type used considerably affect colour strength.